HVAC Apprenticeship Programs: 2025 Pay, Hours & Requirements

Thinking about a career that mixes hands on work with real classroom learning? hvac apprenticeship programs are a proven way to become a job ready technician while earning a paycheck. This guide breaks down how they work, what you need to qualify, how long they take, and the credentials you can expect when you finish.

Overview of hvac apprenticeship programs

At their core, hvac apprenticeship programs combine paid on the job experience with scheduled technical instruction. Apprentices learn from experienced journeyworkers in the field while building the theory in class.

Facts at a glance

• Many registered programs last about 60 months which is five years

• New apprentices often start around 40 percent of a journeyworker wage with raises as skills grow

• Graduates typically log thousands of field hours plus hundreds of classroom hours

• The model is earn while you learn, so training stays financially accessible

If you do not have access to a local sponsor or want to prep first, you can stack essential skills and credentials online. Start SkillCat HVAC training to build fundamentals and get ready for interviews.

Admission requirements

Most hvac apprenticeship programs have baseline criteria before you can apply.

• Minimum age 18, some accept applications at 17 with enrollment at 18

• High school diploma or GED

• One year of algebra with a passing grade is commonly requested

• Authorization to work and English proficiency

Relevant elective classes, shop, or construction experience can help, though prior HVAC work is not required.

Apprenticeship program requirements

Beyond admissions, sponsors often set program specific requirements.

• Valid driver license since job sites change; review commercial driving and licensing basics.

• Drug screening aligned with job site safety policies

• Ability to perform physically demanding work such as lifting and working in confined spaces or on rooftops

• Reading and math aptitude for technical content, sometimes verified with an entrance exam

Required documents

Have your paperwork ready before Application Day.

• Government photo ID or driver license

• High school diploma or GED, plus official transcript if algebra is required

• Birth certificate or Social Security card for identity verification

• Resume and references if requested

Submitting complete documents by the deadline helps you avoid deferrals to the next intake.

Application timeline

hvac apprenticeship programs follow different calendars. Some accept year round. Many union affiliated committees open applications during specific windows such as one month in spring or fall. For perspectives from the field, see our Union Strong or Union Gone Q&A. Local committees may host an in person Application Day once per month to turn in forms and start screening. After you apply, testing and interviews typically follow within weeks, with ranking and placement that can take a few weeks to a few months depending on demand.

Tip

• Ask the sponsor for exact open dates, document deadlines, and testing windows

• Late applications usually roll to the next cycle

WorkKeys test requirement

Many sponsors use the ACT WorkKeys assessment to gauge readiness. You will likely see three areas.

• Applied Math

• Workplace Documents reading

• Locating Information or problem solving

Programs often ask for a minimum score, for example a Silver level on the National Career Readiness Certificate which reflects Level 4 skills. Prepare by reviewing fractions, basic algebra, blueprint style reading, and sample questions in our math and science fundamentals. Your score often affects interview selection and rank.

Equal opportunity nondiscrimination policy

Registered apprenticeships must follow Title 29 CFR Part 30. Sponsors sign an Equal Employment Opportunity pledge that prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex including pregnancy and gender identity, sexual orientation, age over 40, disability, or veteran status. Programs commit to fair outreach, selection, training, and a workplace free from harassment. If an applicant or apprentice believes they experienced discrimination, they can file a complaint with state agencies or the US Department of Labor. For inspiration and resources, see women in the trades you need to follow right now.

On the job duties

Day one tasks start simple, then build.

Early stage

• Carry tools and materials and begin inventory management basics.

• Site cleanup and basic assembly or disassembly

Growing responsibility

• Install and mount equipment

• Run wiring and connect electrical components

• Fabricate and install ductwork

• Check refrigerant levels, cut and solder tubing, replace filters and belts; see our HVAC maintenance guides.

• Troubleshoot performance issues under supervision

By later stages you will handle installs and diagnostics with oversight, translating classroom theory into field practice while learning safety, teamwork, and customer service.

Training locations

Training happens in two places.

Field

• Commercial buildings, homes, industrial facilities, rooftops, mechanical rooms, crawl spaces

Classroom

• Union training centers, technical or community colleges, often evenings or weekends so you can work full time

Many programs now blend in online modules for code, theory, and exam prep; explore advanced training for techs options. Need a flexible way to complete core coursework and certifications on your schedule? Try the mobile first approach with SkillCat.

Program length and hours

Expect a multi year commitment that builds real depth.

• Typical length is four to five years

• Around 8,000 hours of on the job training is common across skilled trades

• Related instruction often totals about 144 hours per year

A realistic weekly rhythm is roughly 40 hours on site plus three to four hours in class during training seasons. Some sponsors offer competency based or hybrid models that may allow acceleration once you demonstrate mastery.

Program completion requirements

To finish and receive your completion certificate you must meet all of the following.

• Full on the job hour requirement, often 8,000 hours

• Required related instruction, commonly about 576 hours total which is 144 hours per year for four years

• Passing grades on class modules, many committees require at least 70 percent

• Satisfactory employer evaluations and attendance

When you complete the hours and pass all coursework you earn a Certificate of Completion of Apprenticeship and step into journey level status.

Credentials and certifications

Your credential stack will matter on day one of your career.

Core

• Certificate of Completion from your sponsor or the US Department of Labor

• EPA Section 608 certification required to handle refrigerants

• OSHA 10 safety training is often included

Add ons

• NATE certification to validate advanced technician knowledge

• Manufacturer or specialty training that fits your work

Want to earn EPA 608 online with on demand proctoring and instant results? SkillCat is an EPA approved Section 608 certifying organization. The Universal exam includes 100 questions and a typical passing score of 70 percent. Certificates do not expire and employers can verify credentials online. You can prepare and test from your phone, then request an optional wallet card. Get EPA 608 certified online.

Journeyperson license eligibility

Licensing requirements vary by state or municipality. Completing a registered apprenticeship is a common path to qualify for the journeyperson exam because the four to five years of documented field experience meets the time in trade requirement. Many jurisdictions also require apprentices to be registered with the state board during training so hours are officially tracked. After completion you submit your certificate and hours, take the license exam on codes and technical knowledge, then work without direct supervision once you pass.

Associate degree credit

Many hvac apprenticeship programs partner with community colleges so your related instruction counts toward an Associate of Applied Science. One example is a completed apprenticeship that transcribes as 48 college credits once you pay a small transcription fee. You then finish general education classes to complete the degree. If you prefer a flexible path to recognized continuing education, SkillCat is an IACET accredited provider and issues CEUs that some institutions consider for credit equivalency. Explore SkillCat programs.

Career options in HVAC

An apprenticeship opens several doors, including property maintenance pathways.

• Journeyperson technician in residential or commercial service and install

• Specialist roles such as refrigeration, building automation, or indoor air quality

• Lead technician or service manager

• System designer or estimator

• Energy efficiency specialist or sales engineer

• Entrepreneur with your own contracting business

• Instructor at a trade school or training center

Market snapshot

• About 425,000 HVACR mechanics and installers are employed in the United States

• Projected job growth is around 8 percent over the next decade

• Median pay is about 59,000 per year and can rise with overtime and specialization

Ready to build the foundation employers expect and move faster into the field? Try SkillCat free for three days, then continue for a low monthly price.

How hvac apprenticeship programs and SkillCat fit together

hvac apprenticeship programs deliver deep field training with structured classroom hours. SkillCat helps you get in the door faster and stay on track.

• Prepare for the WorkKeys style math and reading skills

• Earn EPA 608 entirely online, included with membership

• Add OSHA 10 training content and NATE aligned prep

• Learn HVAC fundamentals through short mobile lessons and simulations

• For employers, create learning paths and track progress across teams

If you need a flexible start or a supplement to your sponsor classes, SkillCat for teams and individuals is built for exactly that.

Quick facts you can trust

• Many programs run about 60 months which is five years

• Entry pay is often set near 40 percent of journeyworker wages with scheduled increases

• A standard target is 8,000 on the job hours plus 576 total instruction hours

• Programs commonly meet for about 144 hours of related instruction per year

• WorkKeys Silver level is a common benchmark for entry aptitude

• EPA 608 is required for anyone handling refrigerants

• Some colleges award up to 48 credits for a completed apprenticeship

• The industry employs about 425,000 technicians with growth projected near 8 percent

• Median pay is about 59,000 per year

FAQ

What is the difference between trade school and hvac apprenticeship programs

Trade school focuses on classroom learning with labs, often full time, and you pay tuition. hvac apprenticeship programs combine paid work with part time classes over several years so you earn as you train and graduate with a completion certificate and license eligibility.

How competitive are hvac apprenticeship programs

It varies by region and intake window. Sponsors rank applicants by minimum qualifications, WorkKeys or similar scores, interviews, and available contractor demand. Apply with all documents ready and prepare for the aptitude test to improve your rank.

Can I start an apprenticeship without experience

Yes. Most hvac apprenticeship programs do not require prior HVAC experience. Meeting age and education requirements and showing algebra readiness is usually enough to apply.

Do I need EPA 608 before I start

Some sponsors let you earn it during year one. Many employers prefer you already have it. You can study and test entirely online through SkillCat.

How long do hvac apprenticeship programs take

Most run four to five years with about 8,000 on the job hours and around 144 hours of class per year.

Are there alternatives if I cannot find a sponsor near me

Yes. Build skills and earn core credentials online, then apply to entry level helper roles or future cohorts. SkillCat HVAC training is a flexible way to start.

Will apprenticeship hours count toward my journeyperson license

In many states yes. A completed registered apprenticeship usually satisfies the experience requirement. You still must pass the state or local exam.

Where do classes take place during hvac apprenticeship programs

You will work on active job sites by day and attend related instruction at a training center or college in the evenings or weekends. Some programs include online modules to reduce travel.